How is zoom defined on SLR cameras?
I have been working with compact digital cameras for years (mostly the Canon Powershot S3 IS), and just made the switch to SLR cameras. The lens that came with my new camera is satisfactory for my purposes (portrait-shooting), but does not give me the zoom I would like. It is a EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS Lens.
What I’m wondering is how do you tell how much zoom an SLR camera has in relation to digital cameras’ optical zoom?
Zoom is actually a pretty useless measurement. Zoom is just the ratio of the highest focal length to the lowest. The 18-55mm lens is approximately a 3x zoom (55/18 = ~3), but a 100-300mm lens is also a 3x zoom. The reason this term works for point-and-shoots is that they all have the same widest focal length, so you’re comparing apples to apples.
For SLRs you’ll need to learn to think in terms of focal length (a physical measurement of one aspect of the lens). The human eye sees roughly the same as a 50mm lens on a full frame or film camera. Any focal lengths wider smaller than 50mm will show a wider view. Any higher will show a closer view.
One complicating factor is that not all cameras are full frame. In order to make a meaningful comparison you need to convert your lens focal length to the effect full frame focal length. Pretty much all DSLRs that cost less than $3000 are not full frame. In order to find the effective focal length of a lens on these cameras you multiply it by 1.5x for Nikon cameras and 1.6x for Canon cameras.
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